Relational database-management system (RDBMS) merupakan sebuah sistem untuk menyimpan dan meretrieve data, dimana data tersebut diorganisasikan ke dalam tabel-tabel. Sebuah database relasional terdiri dari koleksi tabel yang menyimpan data-data yang ber-interrelated.

Gambar 1. Conceptual Data Model

Gambar 2. Phisycal Data Model

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Penjelasan dari database di Web dalam bahasa Inggris:

• an organized body of related information
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• A database is a collection of information stored in a computer in a systematic way, such that a computer program can consult it to answer questions. The software used to manage and query a database is known as a database management system (DBMS). The properties of database systems are studied in information science.

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• Data stored on computer files or on CD-ROM. A database may contain bibliographic, textual or numeric data. The data are usually structured so that they may be searched in a number of ways. A variety of databases is accessible via this website.
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• A database is an organised collection of information records that can be accessed electronically. In the Library this includes indexing and abstracting databases, citation databases or databases of fulltext journal articles.
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• is an organized collection of information stored on a computer. With Optix, a database is an organized collection of electronic documents stored on a computer. The database is structured to facilitate the search and retrieval of information contained in the database.
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• A database is a collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be accessed, managed and updated. The most prevalent type of database is the relational database, a tabular database in which data is defined so that it can be reorganized and accessed in a number of different ways. A distributed database is one that can be dispersed or replicated among different points in a network. …
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• A collection of information that has been systematically organized for easy access and analysis. Databases typically are computerized.
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• A collection of information arranged into individual records to be searched by computer.
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• Any organized collection of information; it may be paper or electronic.
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• a standardized collection of information in computerized format, searchable by various parameters; in libraries often refers to electronic catalogs and indexes.
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• A collection of electronic records having a standardized format and using specific software for computer access.
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• A collection of information organized and presented to serve a specific purpose. A computerized database is an updated, organized file of machine readable information that is rapidly searched and retrieved by computer.
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• A set of data that is structured and organized for quick access to specific information.
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• Any of a wide variety of repositories (often computerized) for observations and related information about a group of patients (eg, adult males living in Göteborg) or a disease or an intervention (eg, drug therapy) or other events or characteristics. Depending upon criteria for inclusion in the database, the observations may have controls. …
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• "An organized collection of information, data, or citations stored in electronic format that can be searched for specific information or records by techniques specific to each database." -from the University of Texas, San Antonio Library: Library Lingo Library. Databases include Academic Search Elite and Lexis Nexis.
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• A collection of data: part numbers, product codes, customer information, etc. It usually refers to data organized and stored on a computer that can be searched and retrieved by a computer program.
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• a collection of related electronic records in a standardized format, searchable in a variety of ways, such as title, author, subject, and keyword. Common examples of databases are the library catalog and citation indexes.
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• A collection of data organized so that various programs can access and update the information.
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• a collection of data that is organized so that its contents can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.
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• A body of information in machine readable form which is searched on a computer terminal. Records for materials owned by the ASU Libraries comprise the ASU Libraries Online Catalog database.
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• An organized collection of information in computerized format. Databases may consist of many types of information, including text, numerical data, or images. In the CWU Library, database most frequently ref ers to computerized indexes of books, magazines, journals, and newspapers. For a complete list of the electronic information databases available in the Library, see the Databases Page.
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• An organized collection of records presented in a standardized format searched by computers. WebPals, ID Weeks Library's Online Catalog, is a database. The periodical indexes available through the library are also databases.
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• A collection of data organized for rapid search and retrieval by a computer.
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• A database is a collection of information categorized by specific fields. Databases are usually searchable by keywords.
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• A collection of information organized in a way that allows the quick selection, sorting, and reorganization of data.
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• A collection of related data stored in one or more computerized files in a manner that can be accessed by users or computer programs via a database management system.
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• A logical collection of interrelated information, managed and stored as a unit, usually on some form of mass-storage system such as magnetic tape or disk. A GIS database includes data about the spatial location and shape of geographic features recorded as points, lines, areas, pixels, grid cells, or tins, as well as their attributes.
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Inlinks :

• Apa itu Database ?
• Data Base #1
• Database #2
• SQL Dengan MICROSOFT 2000 SERVER

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SQL : biasa dilafalkan dengan ‘eS-Qi-eL’ oleh beberapa orang dan dilafalkan dengan ‘sequel’ oleh yang lainnya. SQL secara de facto sudah menjadi bahasa standar yang digunakan untuk ‘create and querying’ suatu database. SQL adalah bahasa yang paling umum pada lingkungan relasional sistem. Diterima sebagai Standar America oleh American National Standart Institute ( ANSI ) dan merupakan sebuah Federal Information Processing Standart ( FIPS ) dan juga telah distandarisari oleh International Standart Organization ( ISO ).

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PENGANTAR DATA BASE

Pemrosesan basis data dapat mempercepat pemerolehan informasi, meningkatkan pelayanan kepada pelanggan sehingga perusahaan memeperoleh keuntungan daya saing terhadap perusahaan lain. Beberapa contoh yang dapat memberikan gambaran seberapa jauh penerapan basis data:

• Sistem perpustakaan
  Memepermudah pengunjung untuk mencari informasi mengenai buku yang dibutuhkan, sehingga meringankan petugas perpustakaan dalam melayani pengunjung.
• Sistem perbankan
  Memepermudah nasabah dalam bertransaksi seperti menabung, manarik uang dari cabang manapun saja.

Sebelum masalah basis data dibahas maka istilah data dan informasi harus dimengerti terlebih dahulu, karena seringkali kedua istilah ini dipertukarkan atau dianggap sama. Data adalah fakta mengenai objek, orang, dan lain-lain. Data dinyatakan dengan nilai (angka, deretan karakter atau symbol). Sedangkan informasi adalah hasil analisis dan sintesis terhadap data. Atau dapat dikatakan informasi adalah sebagai data yang telah diorganisasikan kedalam bentuk yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan seseorang.

SEJARAH DATA BASE

Menurut sejarah, system pemrosesan basis data terbentuk setelah masa system pemrosesan manual dan system pemrosesan berkas. Sistim pemrosesan manual (berbasis kertas) merupakan bentuk pemrosesan yang menggunakan dasar berupa setumpuk rekaman yang disimpan pada rak-rak berkas. Jika berkas-berkas tersebut diperlukan, berkas tersebut harus dicari pada rak-rak tersebut.Sistem pemrosesan berkas merupakan system komputer, dimana sekelompok rekaman disimpan pada sejumlah berkas secara terpisah. Perancangan system ini didasarkan pada kebutuhan individual pengguna, bukan kebutuhan sejumlah pengguna. Sehingga setiap aplikasi menuliskan data tersendiri, alhasil ada kemungkinan data yang sama terdapat pada berkas-berkas lain yang digunakan oleh program aplikasi lain.

Konkretnya sistem pemrosesan berkas memiliki kekurangan dalam hal :

• Kemubajiran data
• Keterbatasan berbagi data
• Ketidak konsistenan dan kurangnya integritas
• Ketidak luwesan

Inlinks :

• Apa itu Database ?
• Data Base #1
• Database #2
• SQL Dengan MICROSOFT 2000 SERVER

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